Chemotypic Variation in Clove Oil and Lemongrass Oil Obtained from Three Different Geographical Locations of India

Clove buds and lemongrass leaves were collected from three different locations of India and the essential oil was separated by hydrodistillation procedure. The essential oils were studied for its variation in physical properties and chemical composition. Chemical analysis by GC-MS evidenced that the main components of clove oil (CLV) were eugenol (78.5-87.7%) and caryophyllene (12.3-20.2%) and the main components of lemongrass oil (LGR) were citral in the form of neral and geranial (24.3-83.9%) and (+) camphor (12.07-30.62%). The lemon grass oil collected from Ootacamund hills, Tamilnadu have shown components like Limonene (2.7%), isocamphene (5.1%), endo isocamphene (5.3%), p-cymene (2.4%) and citronellol (1.73%) among which isocamphene and endo isocamphene were found to be new chemotypes. (+) fenchone was present in the range 5.6-7.76% in lemongrass oil collected from two different locations. Isopiperitone (6.23%) and geranyl butyrate (3.37%) were found to be new chemotypes in the essential oil obtained from Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Thus the results have shown variation in chemical composition and identification of new chemotypes in both clove oil as well as lemongrass oil collected from three different locations of India which may be due to the change in geographical conditions. Chemotypic Variation in Clove Oil and Lemongrass Oil Obtained from Three Different Geographical Locations of India